Jun 16, 2015 page 1 12 chemical equilibrium and dissociation up to now this book has concentrated on combustion problems which can be solved by methods based on equilibrium but which do not require an explicit statement of the fact, e. Mistakes in notes wrong mcq option the page is not clearly visible answer quality needs to. Chemistry 12 unit 2 chemical equilibrium tutorial 6 calculations involving the equilibrium constant page 1. Please click on one to open all notes for that unit. Link to past chem news exams chem 12 contest link to past tru chem 12 contest pdf file. Monday, february 21, 2005 page 2 of 11 concept consider the reaction. If a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system readjust to relieve the stress. Le chateliers principle chemical equilibrium siyavula. For any reversible reaction at any stage other than equilibrium, the ratio of the molar concentrations of the products to that of the reactants. Equilibrium class 11 cbse ncert linkedin slideshare. Chemical equilibrium gibbs free energy and chemical equilibrium temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant, kp temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant, kp, and entropy standard states and different concentration measures molarity vs. Chemical equilibria are important in numerous biological and environmental processes.
In this live grade 12 physical sciences show we take a close look at chemical equilibrium. This process, as you might have guessed is indicated by the reverse reaction. Equilibrium is the state of a process in which the properties like temperature, pressure, and concentration etc of the system do not show any change with passage of time. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of chemistry in daily life, and on evaluating the impact of chemical technology on the environment. In this chapter 15 equilibrium systems chapter equilibrium systems equilibrium in chemical systems the simplest equilibrium systems are static. All reactions carried out in a closed vessel will reach equilibrium a.
Use this information to determine the k sp value for agbr. Grade 12 physical science chemical equilibrium 6 sep grade 12 physical science chemical equilibrium pdf. Chemical equilibrium gibbs free energy and chemical equilibrium temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant, kp temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant, kp, and entropy standard states and different. Kenneth denbigh the principles of chemical equilibrium cambridge university press 1957 acrobat 7 pdf 23. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Not open to students who have taken or are taking chem 203 or chem 204. Grade 10 chemical equilibrium chemical equilibrium. Chemical equilibrium types, problems, factors affecting, examples. A book lying on the table is an example of static equilibrium. Revision notes on chemical and ionic equilibrium askiitians. In this lesson we discuss dynamic equilibrium as well as discuss equilibrium constant and do calculations.
Categories of problems challenges when teaching chemical equilibrium. The system will seem macroscopically static constant properties, but be active microscopically dynamic. In this practical, hands on workshop teachers will conduct the experiment with the relevant chemicals and equipment. Chemical equilibrium is the state of a reversible reaction where the rate of the. It stays motionless because two equal and opposite forces act on it simultaneously.
Catalyst has no effect on equilibrium, it just speeds up reaction investigating le chateliers principle. However, as with many things in life, chemical reactions can go both in the forward and reverse directions, depending on the conditions. Chemical equilibrium entrylevel knowledge in grade 9 science s1212, students were introduced to the difference between physical and chemical changes. Ncert class xi chemistry chapter 7 equilibrium part 1. Groves can air at temperature, t, and pressure, p 1, be in equilibrium with air at the same temperature, but different pressure, p 2. Grade 10 chemical equilibrium free download as powerpoint presentation. Chem 110, chem 120 or equivalent, phys 142, or permission of instructor. Ib chemistry equilibrium 1 dynamic equilibrium a reversible reaction is at equilibrium if the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. A state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions. Chemical equilibrium notes chapter 18 so far, weve talked about all chemical reactions as if they go only in one direction. For example, equilibria involving o 2 molecules and the protein hemoglobin play a crucial role in the transport and delivery of o 2 from our lungs to our muscles. In all processes which attain equilibrium, two opposing processes are involved. Chemical equilibrium grade 12 physical science experiment.
Also, equilibrium can be static or dynamic in nature. Introduction to chemical equilibrium this lecture is outside the confines of the textbook development of chemical equilibrium and is intended as a sweeping introduction to chemical equilibrium a topic that will engage us for much the rest of the semester. Condensed phases, such as liquids, are omitted when writing equilibrium constant expressions. Molality standard states equilibria with pure liquids and solids and the solvent in dilute.
Once the precipitate is determined identified by solid s and all soluble compounds are identified as aqueous aq, you must be able to write the equation in three different ways. Chemical systems in equilibrium latest copy of grade 12 u. This website provides a description of the haber process and some history behind it. This principle applies to both chemical and physical equilibrium.
Unit 8 chemical equilibrium focusing on acidbase systems. Mistakes in notes wrong mcq option the page is not clearly visible answer quality needs to be improved your name. Chemical equilibrium notes school district 43 coquitlam. The reader is assumed to have a reasonable knowledge of mathematics at the level. The state where the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant with time 2. Introduction to equilibrium feb 11th 2020 le chatelier feb 12th 2020 entropy vs enthalpy feb 18th 2020 equilibrium constant keq feb 19th 2020. A textbook sitting on a level desktop is an example ofstatic equilibrium. Chemical equilibrium when a chemical reaction reaches a state where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant, a chemical equilibrium has been established. There are several factors like temperature, pressure, and concentration of the system which affect. Students will further develop problemsolving and laboratory skills as they investigate chemical processes, at the same time refining their ability to communicate scientific information.
Notes for chemical equilibrium thermodynamics chemical equilibrium understanding how to work problems for chemical equilibrium is one of the most important concepts in secondsemester chemistry. Reactions at equilibrium are not gone to completion, both reactants and products are present at equilibrium. Many chemical reactions do not go to completion but instead attain a state of chemical equilibrium. We recognize equilibrium in a chemical reaction system, oddly enough, by noticing nothingwe see no change in any property of the system. The general form of the equilibrium constant equation is then keq c cddaabb problems involving chemical equilibria can be placed into a matrix format with two kinds of concentrations identified. Notes on equilibrium and chemic university of california. Nothing is moving or changing to create the balance.
Revision notes on chemical and ionic equilibrium equilibrium. In heterogeneous equilibrium the reactants and products are present in two or more physical states or phases. Class 11 chemistry revision notes for chapter 7 equilibrium. Siyavulas open physical sciences grade 12 textbook, chapter 8 on chemical equilibrium. Apr 22, 2019 in heterogeneous equilibrium the reactants and products are present in two or more physical states or phases. In grade 11 chemistry c11105, c11106, students were introduced to the concept of equilibrium with respect to the rates of. Jan 17, 2016 depicting equilibrium in a system at equilibrium, both the forward and reverse reactions are being carried out. Chemical equilibrium module 5 notes chemical dynamics.
Acids and bases chapter 16 applications of aqueous equilibrium chapter 17 thermodynamics. Chemistry 12 unit 2 notes equilibrium unit 2 notes equilibrium page 2 once this has happened for awhile, there is a build up of no2 molecules in the same flask once in awhile, two no2 molecules will collide with each other and join to form a molecule of n2o4. Try to answer the questions without looking at your notes or the solutions. Siyavulas open physical sciences grade 12 textbook, chapter 8 on chemical. Le chateliers principle helps to predict what effect a change in temperature, concentration or pressure will have on the position of the equilibrium in a chemical reaction. In fact, we will spend much of the rest of the course discussing aspects of this concept. The equilibrium equation for the formation of ammonia is.
Up to this point learners have encountered reactions that go to completion, so the idea of reactions that stop before completion is new. Introduction introduction when a liquid evaporates in a closed container molecules with relatively higher kinetic energy escape the liquid surface into the vapour phase strike the liquid surface and are retained in the liquid phase. Also actions and gestures such as underlining a word or taking notes while thinking aloud. Similar equilibria involving co molecules and hemoglobin account for the toxicity of co. In this live gr 12 physical sciences show we take a look at chemical equilibrium calculations. Notes on equilibrium and chemical potential chem a prof. Chapter 14 equilibrium notes page 1 of 6 chapter 14. Equilibrium is dynamic as two reactions are still happening. If little product is formed, equilibrium lies far to the left b. A state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal and the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant. Chapter chemical kinetics chapter 14 chemical equilibrium chapter 15 aqueous equilibria.
This is very important, particularly in industrial applications, where yields must be accurately predicted and maximised. The various complex procedures and steps needed to ensure a successful experiment will be given attention. Entropy, free energy and equilibrium please note that the notes are in powerpoint format. Studies on studentsunderstanding of chemical equilibrium. Our expert teachers will work through all the important topics and give you the great study tips you need. Chemical equilibrium powerpoint for grade 10 and above. Process notes for balancing neutralization reactions 20. Link to thompson rivers university for other chemistry contests. Pdf strategies used by grade 12 physical sciences students in. Athe rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal bthe rate constants of the forward and reverse reactions are equal call chemical reactions have ceased dthe value of the equilibrium constant is 1. Siyavulas open physical sciences grade 12 textbook, chapter 8 on chemical equilibrium covering chapter summary. Chemistry 12 unit 2 chemical equilibrium chemistry 12.